It was the Romans who developed large scale mining methods, especially the use of large volumes of water brought to the mine head by numerous aqueducts. The water was used for a variety of purposes, including removing overburden and rock debris, called hydraulic mining, as well as washing comminuted, or crushed, ores and driving simple machinery.
Read about a number of tools the ancients used in mining in Phoenicia, Greece, Rome, and Egypt. See how modern mining techniques evolved.
https://hubpages.com/education/Ancient-Mining-Tools-and-Techniques
Lead mining in the upper Mississippi River region of the U.S., 1865.
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